This report examines the expansion of fentanyl markets in northern Mexico, highlighting the role of local criminal governance in shaping distribution and consumption patterns. Based on qualitative research across five cities, it finds that market development is uneven and influenced by the strategic decisions of fragmented criminal groups. It underscores the limits of enforcement-led responses and emphasizes the importance of integrating public health measures, harm reduction, and community-based interventions to address emerging synthetic drug challenges.

Read the full report in English