State-Level Marijuana Reform: Lessons Learned and Ongoing Challenges

This report reviews nearly three decades of marijuana policy reform in the United States, beginning with the legalization of medical cannabis in California in1996 and extending to widespread state-level legalization and decriminalization. Drawing on focus group insights, it highlights outcomes such as reduced criminalization, increased access to regulated cannabis products, and shifting public attitudes toward legalization, alongside ongoing challenges and unintended consequences. The findings emphasize the need for marijuana policies that address public health and safety, prioritize criminal justice reform, strengthen regulatory oversight, expand research and data collection, and ensure sustained advocacy and policymaker engagement.